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The synthetic grades

SYN, Premium Albian, and the other light barrels of the oil sands.

Field guide entry · written September 23, 2026.

What "sweet synthetic" means

Synthetic crude is bitumen that has been cracked and hydrogenated into a refinery-ready light oil. "Sweet" means low sulphur, generally under 0.2 percent. The light sweet synthetics run 30-plus API with high middle-distillate yield, which is why refiners pay up for them and why they trade at a premium to WTI when supply gets tight. In one August session with upgraders down for maintenance, light synthetic settled more than $14 a barrel over WTI.

The main streams

Who makes them

SYN pools Suncor and Syncrude barrels. Premium Albian comes from the Scotford upgrader (CNRL 60 percent, Shell 20, Chevron 20; Shell operates). The CNRL light sweet blend comes from Horizon, which is 100 percent CNRL.

Where they go

The light synthetics pool at Edmonton and Hardisty and move on the big export systems: the Enbridge Mainline to the US Midwest, Trans Mountain to Burnaby and the West Coast, and some into local refineries. A large share of the AOSP barrels never leaves the Edmonton area: it feeds the Shell Scotford refinery next door to the upgrader.

Why it matters

SCO is the light barrel in a heavy basin. Upgrader outages do two things at once: they remove premium-priced light supply, and the redirect-and-tilt response adds heavy dilbit supply. That is the synthetic premium widening while the heavy differential softens, in one event.

Sources

Heavy Reading · the WCSB supply letter.
Public information only: AER ST3/ST39/ST53 and company disclosures via the WCSB S&D model. Nothing here is licensed data, so this page renders the same with or without ?public=1.